From ed0747fe4e13f2838681b4de278ada79538704bb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: inference <admin@inferencium.net>
Date: Mon, 30 Oct 2023 06:53:28 +0000
Subject: [PATCH] Fix code to conform to code style

---
 about.html | 781 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-----------------------
 1 file changed, 444 insertions(+), 337 deletions(-)
diff --git a/about.html b/about.html
index 908bc6a..8e507d2 100644
--- a/about.html
+++ b/about.html
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 <!-- Copyright 2022 Jake Winters -->
 <!-- SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause -->
 
-<!-- Version: 6.2.1-alpha.1 -->
+<!-- Version: 6.2.1-alpha.2 -->
 
 
 <html>
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@
 																		<ul>
 																				<li><a href="#licensing-cc-by-4.0">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International</a></li>
 																		</ul>
-																		<li><a href="#licensing-open_source_vs_free_software">Do I Distinguish Between Open-source and Free Software?</a></li>
+																<li><a href="#licensing-open_source_vs_free_software">Do I Distinguish Between Open-source and Free Software?</a></li>
 														</ul>
 												<li><a href="#services">Services</a></li>
 														<ul>
@@ -70,25 +70,26 @@
 						</section>
 						<section id="about_me">
 								<h2 id="about_me"><a href="#about_me">About Me</a></h2>
-										<p>I am Jake Winters, also known by my pseudonym "Inference", a security researcher
-										based in United Kingdom.<br>
+										<p>I am Jake Winters, also known by my pseudonym "Inference", a security
+										researcher based in United Kingdom.<br>
 										I am the founder, lead developer, and administrator, of Inferencium.<br>
-										All opinions are my own, and are not necessarily shared with projects or people I am
-										affiliated with.</p>
-										<p>I write about my research and experience in cybersecurity and also physical security.
-										Most of my postings are security-related, but I occasionally post about other aspects of
-										my life.</p>
-										<p>I am an open source advocate for the preservation and modifiability of source code. I
-										believe source code should be considered human knowledge as much as past knowledge and
-										teachings were; it is how modern humanity survives and runs.<br>
-										Source code being modifiable allows it to be adapted for use by anyone, whether to add
-										features, harden it for increased security and/or privacy, or provide accessibility for
-										disabled users.<br>
-										I am also a modular design advocate for the ability to securely and robustly make
-										changes to hardware and software without the entire system being affected.</p>
-										<p>I run the public Systems Hardening XMPP channel dedicated to systems security and
-										privacy hardening at <code>sys-hardening@muc.xmpp.inferencium.net</code>, and its
-										respective off-topic channel at
+										All opinions are my own, and are not necessarily shared with projects or people
+										I am affiliated with.</p>
+										<p>I write about my research and experience in cybersecurity and also physical
+										security. Most of my postings are security-related, but I occasionally post
+										about other aspects of my life.</p>
+										<p>I am an open source advocate for the preservation and modifiability of source
+										code. I believe source code should be considered human knowledge as much as past
+										knowledge and teachings were; it is how modern humanity survives and runs.<br>
+										Source code being modifiable allows it to be adapted for use by anyone, whether
+										to add features, harden it for increased security and/or privacy, or provide
+										accessibility for disabled users.<br>
+										I am also a modular design advocate for the ability to securely and robustly
+										make changes to hardware and software without the entire system being
+										affected.</p>
+										<p>I run the public Systems Hardening XMPP channel dedicated to systems security
+										and privacy hardening at <code>sys-hardening@muc.xmpp.inferencium.net</code>,
+										and its respective off-topic channel at
 										<code>sys-hardening-ot@muc.xmpp.inferencium.net</code>.</p>
 										<p>If you wish to contact me for any reason, you can use my
 										<a href="https://inferencium.net/contact.html">contact methods</a>.</p>
@@ -108,15 +109,17 @@
 						<section id="licensing">
 								<h2 id="licensing"><a href="#licensing">Licensing</a></h2>
 										<p>I care about upstreaming and sharing code, strongly preferring licenses which
-										have high license compatibility in order to permit sharing code with as many other projects
-										as possible; for this reason, permissive licenses are my preferred choice, while avoiding
-										copyleft licenses and other licenses which place restrictions on how my code may be used,
-										and prevent me from including important proprietary code, such as firmware, which can patch
-										security vulnerabilities, privacy issues, and stability issues. All of my code is and
-										will be permissively licensed unless specific circumstances make it impractical or
-										infeasible to do so. My goal is to share code which has the least amount of restrictions as
-										possible, to allow wider propagation of my code and allow more use cases and possibilities,
-										as well as ensuring proprietary code, whenever required, is permitted to be included.</p>
+										have high license compatibility in order to permit sharing code with as many
+										other projects as possible; for this reason, permissive licenses are my
+										preferred choice, while avoiding copyleft licenses and other licenses which
+										place restrictions on how my code may be used, and prevent me from including
+										important proprietary code, such as firmware, which can patch security
+										vulnerabilities, privacy issues, and stability issues. All of my code is and
+										will be permissively licensed unless specific circumstances make it impractical
+										or infeasible to do so. My goal is to share code which has the least amount of
+										restrictions as possible, to allow wider propagation of my code and allow more
+										use cases and possibilities, as well as ensuring proprietary code, whenever
+										required, is permitted to be included.</p>
 										<p>My preferred licenses and rationale for using them are below; any licenses
 										not listed are chosen on a case-by-case basis.</p>
 										<p><a href="https://iso.org/standard/81870.html">ISO 5962:2021</a>
@@ -129,50 +132,48 @@
 																<code>SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause</code>
 																<p>Type: Permissive</p>
 																<p><a href="https://spdx.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause.html">BSD 3-Clause License</a>
-																is a highly permissive
-																license which allows content licensed under it to be
-																used in any way, whether in source or binary form, and
-																allows sublicensing under a different license, with the
-																only restrictions being the original copyright notice
-																must be kept in order to attribute the original creator
-																of the licensed content, and the name of the project
-																and/or its contributors may not be used to endorse or
-																promote products derived from the original project.</p>
+																is a highly permissive license which allows content
+																licensed under it to be used in any way, whether in
+																source or binary form, and allows sublicensing under a
+																different license, with the only restrictions being the
+																original copyright notice must be kept in order to
+																attribute the original creator of the licensed content,
+																and the name of the project and/or its contributors may
+																not be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+																the original project.</p>
 														<h4 id="licensing-gpl-2.0"><a href="#licensing-gpl-2.0">GNU General Public License v2.0</a></h4>
 																<code>SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only</code>
 																<p>Type: Copyleft</p>
 																<p><a href="https://spdx.org/licenses/GPL-2.0-only.html">GNU General Public License v2.0</a>
-																is a strong
-																copyleft license which restricts use of content licensed
-																under it by requiring all source code of the content to
-																be publicly available, making binary-only form and
-																inclusion of proprietary code impossible, requiring all
-																derivatives to be licensed under the same license
-																(allowing sublicensing under only newer GPL licenses if
-																<code>GPL-2.0-or-later</code> is specified in the SPDX-
-																License-Identifier), and requiring the original
-																copyright notice to be kept in order to attribute the
-																original creator of the licensed content.<br>
+																is a strong copyleft license which restricts use of
+																content licensed under it by requiring all source code
+																of the content to be publicly available, making
+																binary-only form and inclusion of proprietary code
+																impossible, requiring all derivatives to be licensed
+																under the same license (allowing sublicensing under only
+																newer GPL licenses if <code>GPL-2.0-or-later</code> is
+																specified in the SPDX license identifier), and requiring
+																the original copyright notice to be kept in order to
+																attribute the original creator of the licensed
+																content.<br>
 																Due to the restrictive and invasive nature of this
 																license, it is avoided unless such restrictions would be
-																beneficial to my code; whenever this is the
-																case, the GNU General Public License v2.0 will be used,
-																rather than the more restrictive
+																beneficial to my code; whenever this is the case, the
+																GNU General Public License v2.0 will be used, rather
+																than the more restrictive
 																<a href="https://spdx.org/licenses/GPL-3.0-only.html">GNU General Public License v3.0</a>,
-																and relicensing
-																derivatives under the GNU General Public License v3.0
-																will be disallowed.</p>
+																and relicensing derivatives under the GNU General Public
+																License v3.0 will be disallowed.</p>
 												<h3 id="licensing-noncode"><a href="#licensing-noncode">Non-code</a></h3>
 														<h4 id="licensing-cc-by-4.0"><a href="#licensing-cc-by-4.0">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International</a></h4>
 																<code>SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0</code>
 																<p>Type: Permissive</p>
 																<p><a href="https://spdx.org/licenses/CC-BY-4.0.html">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International</a>
-																is a
-																highly permissive license which allows content licensed
-																under it to be used in any way, in any medium, with the
-																only restriction being the original copyright notice
-																must be kept in order to attribute the original creator
-																of the licensed content.</p>
+																is a highly permissive license which allows content
+																licensed under it to be used in any way, in any medium,
+																with the only restriction being the original copyright
+																notice must be kept in order to attribute the original
+																creator of the licensed content.</p>
 												<h3 id="licensing-open_source_vs_free_software"><a href="#licensing-open_source_vs_free_software">Do I Distinguish Between Open-source and Free Software?</a></h3>
 														<p>No. If code is not released under an open-source license and
 														places restrictions on how the code may be used, it is either
@@ -189,15 +190,15 @@
 										software etc become available.</p>
 										<h3 id="services-websites"><a href="#services-websites">Websites</a></h3>
 												<ul>
-														<li>Unnecessary logging avoided (only logs required for
-														security and debugging purposes)</li>
+														<li>Unnecessary logging avoided (only logs required for security
+														and debugging purposes)</li>
 														<li>All server logs purged every 14 days</li>
 														<li>User IP addresses used only for security and debugging
 														purposes (purged along with logs)</li>
 														<li>All connections made via TLS 1.3 (TLS 1.2 and older are
 														unsupported) to ensure the most secure AEAD ciphers are used,
-														along with forward secrecy (each connection uses a
-														different key to previous connections)</li>
+														along with forward secrecy (each connection uses a different key
+														to previous connections)</li>
 														<li>All connections made via high-security AEAD ciphers,
 														preferring AES-256-GCM for devices with AES
 														hardware-acceleration, and ChaCha20-Poly1305 for devices without
@@ -236,279 +237,385 @@
 																				(License - SPDX)</th>
 																		</tr>
 																		<tr>
-																		<td>Smartphone</td>
-																		<td><img src="asset/img/google-pixel_8_pro.png" width="100px" height="100px"/><br>
-																		<br>
-																		Google Pixel</td>
-																		<td class="td-desc"><p>Google Pixel devices are the best Android devices
-																		available on the market for
-																		<a href="https://security.googleblog.com/2021/10/pixel-6-setting-new-standard-for-mobile.html">security and privacy</a>.</p>
-																		<p>They allow locking the bootloader with a
-																		<a href="https://android.googlesource.com/platform/external/avb/+/master/README.md#pixel-2-and-later">custom Android Verified Boot (AVB) key</a>
-																		in order to
-																		preserve security and privacy features when installing a
-																		custom operating system, such as
-																		<a href="https://source.android.com/docs/security/features/verifiedboot/">verified boot</a>
-																		which verifies that the OS has not
-																		been corrupted or tampered with, and
-																		<a href="https://source.android.com/docs/security/features/verifiedboot/verified-boot#rollback-protection">rollback protection</a>
-																		which prevents an adversary
-																		from rolling back the OS or firmware version to a
-																		previous version with known security vulnerabilities.</p>
-																		<p>They also include a
-																		<a href="https://developer.android.com/training/articles/keystore#HardwareSecurityModule">hardware security module</a>
-																		(Titan M2, improving on
-																		the previous generation
-																		<a href="https://security.googleblog.com/2018/10/building-titan-better-security-through.html">Titan M</a>)
-																		which is extremely resistant to both
-																		remote and physical attacks due to being completely
-																		isolated from the rest of the system, including the
-																		operating system. Titan M2 ensures that the device
-																		cannot be remotely compromised by requiring the side
-																		buttons of the device to be physically pressed for some
-																		sensitive operations. Titan M2 also takes the role of
-																		<a href="https://source.android.com/docs/security/best-practices/hardware#strongbox-keymaster">Android StrongBox Keymaster</a>,
-																		a
-																		<a href="https://source.android.com/docs/security/features/keystore">hardware-backed Keystore</a>
-																		containing sensitive user
-																		keys which are unavailable to the OS or apps running on
-																		it without authorisation from Titan M2 itself.
-																		<a href="https://android-developers.googleblog.com/2018/05/insider-attack-resistance.html">Insider attack resistance</a>
-																		ensures that Titan M2
-																		firmware can be flashed only if the user PIN/password is
-																		already known, making it impossible to backdoor the
-																		device without already knowing these secrets.</p>
-																		<p>Google Pixel device kernels are compiled with
-																		<a href="https://android-developers.googleblog.com/2018/10/control-flow-integrity-in-android-kernel.html">forward-edge control-flow integrity</a>
-																		and
-																		<a href="https://security.googleblog.com/2019/10/protecting-against-code-reuse-in-linux_30.html">backward-edge control-flow integrity</a>
-																		to prevent
-																		code reuse attacks against the kernel. MAC address
-																		randomisation is
-																		<a href="https://android-developers.googleblog.com/2017/04/changes-to-device-identifiers-in.html">implemented well, along with minimal probe requests and randomised initial sequence numbers</a>.</p>
-																		<p>Google releases
-																		<a href="https://source.android.com/docs/security/bulletin/pixel/">guaranteed monthly security updates</a>,
-																		ensuring
-																		Google Pixel devices are up-to-date and quickly
-																		protected against security vulnerabilities.</p>
-																		<p>Pixel 6-series and 7-series devices are a large
-																		improvement over the already very secure and private
-																		previous generation Pixel devices. They replace
-																		ARM-based Titan M with RISC-V-based Titan M2, reducing
-																		trust by removing ARM from the equation. Titan M2 is
-																		more resiliant to attacks than Titan M, and is
-																		<a href="https://www.tuv-nederland.nl/assets/files/cerfiticaten/2022/09/nscib-cc-22-0228971-cert-final.pdf">AVA_VAN.5 certified</a>,
-																		the highest level of
-																		vulnerability assessment. Google's in-house Tensor SoC
-																		includes Tensor Security Core, further improving device
-																		security.<br>
-																		Pixel 8-series includes Armv9's
-																		<a href="https://community.arm.com/arm-community-blogs/b/architectures-and-processors-blog/posts/enhanced-security-through-mte">Memory Tagging Extension</a>,
-																		which dramatically increases device security by
-																		eliminating up to 95% of all security issues
-																		caused by memory-unsafety.</p>
-																		<p>Pixel 6-series and 7-series devices are supported for a
-																		<a href="https://support.google.com/nexus/answer/4457705#zippy=%2Cpixel-a-pixel-pixel-pro-pixel-a-pixel-pixel-pro-pixel-fold">minimum of 5 years from launch</a>,
-																		an increase from previous generations'
-																		<a href="https://support.google.com/nexus/answer/4457705#zippy=%2Cpixel-a-g-pixel-pixel-a-g-pixel-a-pixel-xl-pixel">minimum support lifecycles of 3 years</a>.<br>
-																		Pixel 8-series is supported for a
-																		<a href="https://support.google.com/nexus/answer/4457705#zippy=%2Cpixel-pro">minimum of 7 years from launch</a>,
-																		putting it on the same support level as Apple;
-																		Google have even surpassed Apple in this regard,
-																		as Apple does not commit to a support timeframe
-																		for their devices.</p></td>
-																</tr>
-														</table>
-												</div>
-								<h3 id="recommendations-software"><a href="#recommendations-software">Software</a></h3>
-										<h4 id="recommendations-software-desktop"><a href="#recommendations-software-desktop">Desktop</a></h4>
-												<div style="overflow-x:auto;">
-														<table>
-																<tr>
-																		<th>Type</th>
-																		<th>Software</th>
-																		<th>Description</th>
-																		<th>Source model<br>
-																		<br>
-																		(License - SPDX)</th>
-																</tr>
-																<tr>
-																		<td>Operating system</td>
-																		<td><img src="asset/img/logo-gentoo_linux.png" width="100px" height="100px"/><br>
-																		<br>
-																		Gentoo Linux</td>
-																		<td class="td-desc"><p><a href="https://www.gentoo.org/">Gentoo Linux</a>
-																		is a highly modular, source-based,
-																		Linux-based operating system which allows vast
-																		customisation to tailor the operating system to suit
-																		your specific needs. There are many advantages to such
-																		an operating system, with the most notable being the
-																		ability to optimise the software for security, privacy,
-																		performance, or power usage; however, there are
-																		effectively unlimited other use cases, or a combination
-																		of multiple use cases.</p>
-																		<p>I have focused on security hardening and privacy
-																		hardening, placing performance below those aspects,
-																		although my system is still very performant. Some of the
-																		hardening I apply includes
-																		<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buffer_overflow_protection">stack protection</a>,
-																		<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integer_overflow">signed integer overflow wrapping</a>,
-																		and GrapheneOS'
-																		<a href="https://github.com/GrapheneOS/hardened_malloc/">hardened_malloc</a>
-																		memory allocator.</p>
-																		You can find my Gentoo Linux configurations in
-																		my
-																		<a href="https://src.inferencium.net/Inferencium/cfg/">configuration respository</a>.</p></td>
-																		<td>Open source<br>
-																		<br>
-																		(GPL-2.0-only)</td>
-																</tr>
-																<tr>
-																		<td>Web browser</td>
-																		<td><img src="asset/img/logo-chromium.png" width="100px" height="100px"/><br>
-																		<br>
-																		Chromium</td>
-																		<td class="td-desc"><p><a href="https://chromium.org/">Chromium</a>
-																		is a highly secure web browser which is
-																		often ahead of other web browsers in security aspects.
-																		It has a dedicated security team and a very impressive
-																		<a href="https://www.chromium.org/Home/chromium-security/brag-sheet/">security brag sheet</a>.
-																		Chromium's security features include a strong
-																		<a href="https://code.google.com/p/chromium/wiki/LinuxSandboxing">multi-layer sandbox</a>,
-																		strong
-																		<a href="https://www.chromium.org/Home/chromium-security/site-isolation">site isolation</a>,
-																		<a href="https://www.chromium.org/Home/chromium-security/binding-integrity">Binding Integrity</a>
-																		memory hardening, and
-																		<a href="https://www.chromium.org/developers/testing/control-flow-integrity/">control-flow integrity (CFI)</a>.</p></td>
-																		<td>Open source<br>
-																		<br>
-																		(BSD-3-Clause)</td>
-																</tr>
-														</table>
-												</div>
-										<h4 id="recommendations-software-smartphone"><a href="#recommendations-software-smartphone">Smartphone</a></h4>
-												<div style="overflow-x:auto;">
-														<table>
-																<tr>
-																		<th>Type</th>
-																		<th>Software</th>
-																		<th>Description</th>
-																		<th>Source model<br>
-																		<br>
-																		(License - SPDX)</th>
-																</tr>
-																<tr>
-																		<td>Operating system</td>
-																		<td><img src="asset/img/logo-grapheneos.png" width="100px" height="100px"/><br>
-																		<br>
-																		GrapheneOS</td>
-																		<td class="td-desc"><p><a href="https://grapheneos.org/">GrapheneOS</a>
-																		is a security-hardened,
-																		privacy-hardened, secure-by-default, Android-based
-																		operating system which implements extensive, systemic
-																		security and privacy hardening to the Android Open
-																		Source Project used as its base codebase. Its hardening
-																		includes closing gaps for apps to access sensitive
-																		system information, a secure app spawning feature which
-																		avoids sharing address space layout and other secrets
-																		AOSP's default Zygote app spawning model would share,
-																		<a href="https://github.com/GrapheneOS/kernel_gs-gs101/">hardened kernel</a>,
-																		hardened memory allocator
-																		(<a href="https://github.com/GrapheneOS/hardened_malloc/">hardened_malloc</a>)
-																		to protect against common memory
-																		corruption vulnerabilties,
-																		<a href="https://github.com/GrapheneOS/platform_bionic/">hardened Bionic standard C library</a>,
-																		<a href="https://github.com/GrapheneOS/platform_system_sepolicy/">stricter SELinux policies</a>,
-																		and local and remote
-																		hardware-backed attestation
-																		(<a href="https://attestation.app/about/">Auditor</a>)
-																		to ensure the OS has not been corrupted or
-																		tampered with.</p>
-																		<p>GrapheneOS only supports
-																		<a href="https://grapheneos.org/faq#device-support">high security and well-supported devices</a>
-																		which
-																		receive full support from their manufacturers, including
-																		firmware updates, long support lifecycles, secure
-																		hardware, and overall high security practices.</p>
-																		<p>For an extensive list of features GrapheneOS provides,
-																		visit its
-																		<a href="https://grapheneos.org/features/">official features list</a>
-																		which provides extensive documentation.</p></td>
-																		<td>Open source<br>
-																		<br>
-																		(MIT)</td>
-																</tr>
-																<tr>
-																		<td>Web browser</td>
-																		<td><img src="asset/img/logo-vanadium.png" width="100px" height="100px"/><br>
-																		<br>
-																		Vanadium</td>
-																		<td class="td-desc"><p>Vanadium is a security-hardened, privacy-hardened
-																		Chromium-based web browser which utilises GrapheneOS'
-																		operating system hardening to implement stronger
-																		defenses to the already very secure Chromium web
-																		browser. Its hardening alongside Chromium's base
-																		security features includes
-																		<a href="https://github.com/GrapheneOS/Vanadium/blob/13/patches/0081-Implement-UI-for-JIT-site-settings.patch">disabling JavaScript just-in-time (JIT) compilation by default</a>,
-																		<a href="https://github.com/GrapheneOS/Vanadium/blob/13/patches/0051-stub-out-the-battery-status-API.patch">stubbing out the battery status API to prevent abuse of it</a>,
-																		and
-																		<a href="https://github.com/GrapheneOS/Vanadium/blob/13/patches/0084-Toggle-for-navigating-external-URL-in-incognito.patch">always-on Incognito mode as an option</a>.</p>
-																		<p>Vanadium's source code, including its Chromium patchset,
-																		can be found in its
-																		<a href="https://github.com/GrapheneOS/Vanadium/">official repository</a>.</p></td>
-																		<td>Open source<br>
-																		<br>
-																		(GPL-2.0-only)</td>
-																</tr>
-																<tr>
-																		<td>Messenger</td>
-																		<td><img src="asset/img/logo-molly.png" width="100px" height="100px"><br>
-																		<br>
-																		Molly</td>
-																		<td class="td-desc"><p><a href="https://molly.im/">Molly</a>
-																		is a security-hardened, privacy-hardened
-																		<a href="https://signal.org/">Signal</a>
-																		client which hardens Signal by using a
-																		variety of
-																		<a href="https://github.com/mollyim/mollyim-android#features">unique features</a>,
-																		allowing
-																		<a href="https://github.com/mollyim/mollyim-android/wiki/Data-Encryption-At-Rest">locking the database when not in use</a>,
-																		and
-																		<a href="https://github.com/mollyim/mollyim-android/blob/a81ff7d120adc9d427be17239107343146bad704/app/src/main/java/org/thoughtcrime/securesms/crypto/MasterSecretUtil.java#L91">utilising Android StrongBox</a>
-																		to protect user keys
-																		using the device's hardware security module.</p>
-																		<p>Molly is available in
-																		<a href="https://github.com/mollyim/mollyim-android#free-and-open-source">2 flavours</a>:
-																				<ul>
-																						<li>Molly, which includes the same
-																						proprietary Google code as Signal to
-																						support more features.</li>
+																				<td>Smartphone</td>
+																				<td>
+																						<img src="asset/img/google-pixel_8_pro.png" width="100px" height="100px"/><br>
 																						<br>
-																						<li>Molly-FOSS, which removes the
-																						proprietary Google code to provide an
-																						entirely open-source client.</li>
-																				</ul>
-																		</p></td>
-																		<td>Open source<br>
-																		<br>
-																		(GPL-3.0-only)</td>
-																</tr>
-																<tr>
-																		<td>Messenger</td>
-																		<td><img src="asset/img/logo-conversations.png" width="100px" height="100px"><br>
-																		<br>
-																		Conversations</td>
-																		<td class="td-desc"><p><a href="https://conversations.im/">Conversations</a>
-																		is a well-designed Android
-																		<a href="https://xmpp.org/">XMPP</a>
-																		client which serves as the de facto XMPP
-																		reference client and has great usability.</p></td>
-																		<td>Open source<br>
-																		<br>
-																		(GPL-3.0-only)</td>
-																</tr>
-														</table>
-												</div>
+																						Google Pixel
+																				</td>
+																				<td class="td-desc">
+																						<p>Google Pixel devices are
+																						the best Android devices
+																						available on the market
+																						for
+																						<a href="https://security.googleblog.com/2021/10/pixel-6-setting-new-standard-for-mobile.html">security and privacy</a>.</p>
+																						<p>They allow locking the
+																						bootloader with a
+																						<a href="https://android.googlesource.com/platform/external/avb/+/master/README.md#pixel-2-and-later">custom Android Verified Boot (AVB) key</a>
+																						in order to preserve security
+																						and privacy features when
+																						installing a custom operating
+																						system, such as
+																						<a href="https://source.android.com/docs/security/features/verifiedboot/">verified boot</a>
+																						which verifies that the OS has
+																						not been corrupted or tampered
+																						with, and
+																						<a href="https://source.android.com/docs/security/features/verifiedboot/verified-boot#rollback-protection">rollback protection</a>
+																						which prevents an adversary from
+																						rolling back the OS or firmware
+																						version to a previous version
+																						with known security vulnerabilities.</p>
+																						<p>They also include a
+																						<a href="https://developer.android.com/training/articles/keystore#HardwareSecurityModule">hardware security module</a>
+																						(Titan M2, improving on the
+																						previous generation
+																						<a href="https://security.googleblog.com/2018/10/building-titan-better-security-through.html">Titan M</a>)
+																						which is extremely resistant to
+																						both remote and physical attacks
+																						due to being completely isolated
+																						from the rest of the system,
+																						including the operating system.
+																						Titan M2 ensures that the device
+																						cannot be remotely compromised
+																						by requiring the side buttons of
+																						the device to be physically
+																						pressed for some sensitive
+																						operations. Titan M2 also takes
+																						the role of
+																						<a href="https://source.android.com/docs/security/best-practices/hardware#strongbox-keymaster">Android StrongBox Keymaster</a>,
+																						a
+																						<a href="https://source.android.com/docs/security/features/keystore">hardware-backed Keystore</a>
+																						containing sensitive user keys
+																						which are unavailable to the OS
+																						or apps running on it without
+																						authorisation from Titan M2 itself.
+																						<a href="https://android-developers.googleblog.com/2018/05/insider-attack-resistance.html">Insider attack resistance</a>
+																						ensures that Titan M2 firmware
+																						can be flashed only if the user
+																						PIN/password is already known,
+																						making it impossible to backdoor
+																						the device without already
+																						knowing these secrets.</p>
+																						<p>Google Pixel device kernels
+																						are compiled with
+																						<a href="https://android-developers.googleblog.com/2018/10/control-flow-integrity-in-android-kernel.html">forward-edge control-flow integrity</a>
+																						and
+																						<a href="https://security.googleblog.com/2019/10/protecting-against-code-reuse-in-linux_30.html">backward-edge control-flow integrity</a>
+																						to prevent code reuse attacks
+																						against the kernel. MAC address
+																						randomisation is
+																						<a href="https://android-developers.googleblog.com/2017/04/changes-to-device-identifiers-in.html">implemented well, along with minimal probe requests and randomised initial sequence numbers</a>.</p>
+																						<p>Google releases
+																						<a href="https://source.android.com/docs/security/bulletin/pixel/">guaranteed monthly security updates</a>,
+																						ensuring Google Pixel devices
+																						are up-to-date and quickly
+																						protected against security
+																						vulnerabilities.</p>
+																						<p>Pixel 6-series and 7-series
+																						devices are a large improvement
+																						over the already very secure and
+																						private previous generation
+																						Pixel devices. They replace
+																						ARM-based Titan M with
+																						RISC-V-based Titan M2, reducing
+																						trust by removing ARM from the
+																						equation. Titan M2 is more
+																						resiliant to attacks than Titan
+																						M, and is
+																						<a href="https://www.tuv-nederland.nl/assets/files/cerfiticaten/2022/09/nscib-cc-22-0228971-cert-final.pdf">AVA_VAN.5 certified</a>,
+																						the highest level of
+																						vulnerability assessment.
+																						Google's in-house Tensor SoC
+																						includes Tensor Security Core,
+																						further improving device
+																						security.<br>
+																						Pixel 8-series includes Armv9's
+																						<a href="https://community.arm.com/arm-community-blogs/b/architectures-and-processors-blog/posts/enhanced-security-through-mte">Memory Tagging Extension</a>,
+																						which dramatically increases
+																						device security by eliminating
+																						up to 95% of all security issues
+																						caused by memory-unsafety.</p>
+																						<p>Pixel 6-series and 7-series
+																						devices are supported for a
+																						<a href="https://support.google.com/nexus/answer/4457705#zippy=%2Cpixel-a-pixel-pixel-pro-pixel-a-pixel-pixel-pro-pixel-fold">minimum of 5 years from launch</a>,
+																						an increase from previous
+																						generations'
+																						<a href="https://support.google.com/nexus/answer/4457705#zippy=%2Cpixel-a-g-pixel-pixel-a-g-pixel-a-pixel-xl-pixel">minimum support lifecycles of 3 years</a>.<br>
+																						Pixel 8-series is supported for
+																						a
+																						<a href="https://support.google.com/nexus/answer/4457705#zippy=%2Cpixel-pro">minimum of 7 years from launch</a>,
+																						putting it on the same support
+																						level as Apple; Google have even
+																						surpassed Apple in this regard,
+																						as Apple does not commit to a
+																						support timeframe for their
+																						devices.</p>
+																				</td>
+																		</tr>
+																</table>
+														</div>
+										<h3 id="recommendations-software"><a href="#recommendations-software">Software</a></h3>
+												<h4 id="recommendations-software-desktop"><a href="#recommendations-software-desktop">Desktop</a></h4>
+														<div style="overflow-x:auto;">
+																<table>
+																		<tr>
+																				<th>Type</th>
+																				<th>Software</th>
+																				<th>Description</th>
+																				<th>Source model<br>
+																				<br>
+																				(License - SPDX)</th>
+																		</tr>
+																		<tr>
+																				<td>Operating system</td>
+																				<td>
+																						<img src="asset/img/logo-gentoo_linux.png" width="100px" height="100px"/><br>
+																						<br>
+																						Gentoo Linux
+																				</td>
+																				<td class="td-desc">
+																						<p><a href="https://www.gentoo.org/">Gentoo Linux</a>
+																						is a highly modular,
+																						source-based, Linux-based
+																						operating system which allows
+																						vast customisation to tailor the
+																						operating system to suit your
+																						specific needs. There are many
+																						advantages to such an operating
+																						system, with the most notable
+																						being the ability to optimise
+																						the software for security,
+																						privacy, performance, or power
+																						usage; however, there are
+																						effectively unlimited other use
+																						cases, or a combination of
+																						multiple use cases.</p>
+																						<p>I have focused on security
+																						hardening and privacy hardening,
+																						placing performance below those
+																						aspects, although my system is
+																						still very performant. Some of
+																						the hardening I apply includes
+																						<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buffer_overflow_protection">stack protection</a>,
+																						<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integer_overflow">signed integer overflow wrapping</a>,
+																						and GrapheneOS'
+																						<a href="https://github.com/GrapheneOS/hardened_malloc/">hardened_malloc</a>
+																						memory allocator.</p>
+																						You can find my Gentoo Linux
+																						configurations in my
+																						<a href="https://src.inferencium.net/Inferencium/cfg/">configuration respository</a>.</p>
+																				</td>
+																				<td>
+																						Open source<br>
+																						<br>
+																						(GPL-2.0-only)
+																				</td>
+																		</tr>
+																		<tr>
+																				<td>Web browser</td>
+																				<td>
+																						<img src="asset/img/logo-chromium.png" width="100px" height="100px"/><br>
+																						<br>
+																						Chromium
+																				</td>
+																				<td class="td-desc">
+																						<p><a href="https://chromium.org/">Chromium</a>
+																						is a highly secure web browser
+																						which is often ahead of other
+																						web browsers in security
+																						aspects. It has a dedicated
+																						security team and a very
+																						impressive
+																						<a href="https://www.chromium.org/Home/chromium-security/brag-sheet/">security brag sheet</a>.
+																						Chromium's security features
+																						include a strong
+																						<a href="https://code.google.com/p/chromium/wiki/LinuxSandboxing">multi-layer sandbox</a>,
+																						strong
+																						<a href="https://www.chromium.org/Home/chromium-security/site-isolation">site isolation</a>,
+																						<a href="https://www.chromium.org/Home/chromium-security/binding-integrity">Binding Integrity</a>
+																						memory hardening, and
+																						<a href="https://www.chromium.org/developers/testing/control-flow-integrity/">control-flow integrity (CFI)</a>.</p></td>
+																				<td>
+																						Open source<br>
+																						<br>
+																						(BSD-3-Clause)
+																				</td>
+																		</tr>
+																</table>
+														</div>
+												<h4 id="recommendations-software-smartphone"><a href="#recommendations-software-smartphone">Smartphone</a></h4>
+														<div style="overflow-x:auto;">
+																<table>
+																		<tr>
+																				<th>Type</th>
+																				<th>Software</th>
+																				<th>Description</th>
+																				<th>Source model<br>
+																				<br>
+																				(License - SPDX)</th>
+																		</tr>
+																		<tr>
+																				<td>Operating system</td>
+																				<td>
+																						<img src="asset/img/logo-grapheneos.png" width="100px" height="100px"/><br>
+																						<br>
+																						GrapheneOS
+																				</td>
+																				<td class="td-desc">
+																						<p><a href="https://grapheneos.org/">GrapheneOS</a>
+																						is a security-hardened,
+																						privacy-hardened,
+																						secure-by-default, Android-based
+																						operating system which
+																						implements extensive, systemic
+																						security and privacy hardening
+																						to the Android Open Source
+																						Project used as its base
+																						codebase. Its hardening includes
+																						closing gaps for apps to access
+																						sensitive system information, a
+																						secure app spawning feature
+																						which avoids sharing address
+																						space layout and other secrets
+																						AOSP's default Zygote app
+																						spawning model would share,
+																						<a href="https://github.com/GrapheneOS/kernel_gs-gs101/">hardened kernel</a>,
+																						hardened memory allocator
+																						(<a href="https://github.com/GrapheneOS/hardened_malloc/">hardened_malloc</a>)
+																						to protect against common memory
+																						corruption vulnerabilties,
+																						<a href="https://github.com/GrapheneOS/platform_bionic/">hardened Bionic standard C library</a>,
+																						<a href="https://github.com/GrapheneOS/platform_system_sepolicy/">stricter SELinux policies</a>,
+																						and local and remote
+																						hardware-backed attestation
+																						(<a href="https://attestation.app/about/">Auditor</a>)
+																						to ensure the OS has not been
+																						corrupted or tampered with.</p>
+																						<p>GrapheneOS only supports
+																						<a href="https://grapheneos.org/faq#device-support">high security and well-supported devices</a>
+																						which receive full support from
+																						their manufacturers, including
+																						firmware updates, long support
+																						lifecycles, secure hardware, and
+																						overall high security
+																						practices.</p>
+																						<p>For an extensive list of
+																						features GrapheneOS provides,
+																						visit its
+																						<a href="https://grapheneos.org/features/">official features list</a>
+																						which provides extensive
+																						documentation.</p>
+																				</td>
+																				<td>
+																						Open source<br>
+																						<br>
+																						(MIT)
+																				</td>
+																		</tr>
+																		<tr>
+																				<td>Web browser</td>
+																				<td>
+																						<img src="asset/img/logo-vanadium.png" width="100px" height="100px"/><br>
+																						<br>
+																						Vanadium
+																				</td>
+																				<td class="td-desc">
+																						<p>Vanadium is a
+																						security-hardened,
+																						privacy-hardened Chromium-based
+																						web browser which utilises
+																						GrapheneOS' operating system
+																						hardening to implement stronger
+																						defenses to the already very
+																						secure Chromium web browser. Its
+																						hardening alongside Chromium's
+																						base security features includes
+																						<a href="https://github.com/GrapheneOS/Vanadium/blob/13/patches/0081-Implement-UI-for-JIT-site-settings.patch">disabling JavaScript just-in-time (JIT) compilation by default</a>,
+																						<a href="https://github.com/GrapheneOS/Vanadium/blob/13/patches/0051-stub-out-the-battery-status-API.patch">stubbing out the battery status API to prevent abuse of it</a>,
+																						and
+																						<a href="https://github.com/GrapheneOS/Vanadium/blob/13/patches/0084-Toggle-for-navigating-external-URL-in-incognito.patch">always-on Incognito mode as an option</a>.</p>
+																						<p>Vanadium's source code,
+																						including its Chromium patchset,
+																						can be found in its
+																						<a href="https://github.com/GrapheneOS/Vanadium/">official repository</a>.</p></td>
+																				<td>
+																						Open source<br>
+																						<br>
+																						(GPL-2.0-only)
+																				</td>
+																		</tr>
+																		<tr>
+																				<td>Messenger</td>
+																				<td>
+																						<img src="asset/img/logo-molly.png" width="100px" height="100px"><br>
+																						<br>
+																						Molly
+																				</td>
+																				<td class="td-desc">
+																						<p><a href="https://molly.im/">Molly</a>
+																						is a security-hardened,
+																						privacy-hardened
+																						<a href="https://signal.org/">Signal</a>
+																						client which hardens Signal by
+																						using a variety of
+																						<a href="https://github.com/mollyim/mollyim-android#features">unique features</a>,
+																						allowing
+																						<a href="https://github.com/mollyim/mollyim-android/wiki/Data-Encryption-At-Rest">locking the database when not in use</a>,
+																						and
+																						<a href="https://github.com/mollyim/mollyim-android/blob/a81ff7d120adc9d427be17239107343146bad704/app/src/main/java/org/thoughtcrime/securesms/crypto/MasterSecretUtil.java#L91">utilising Android StrongBox</a>
+																						to protect user keys
+																						using the device's hardware
+																						security module.</p>
+																						<p>Molly is available in
+																						<a href="https://github.com/mollyim/mollyim-android#free-and-open-source">2 flavours</a>:
+																								<ul>
+																										<li>Molly, which
+																										includes the
+																										same proprietary
+																										Google code as
+																										Signal to
+																										support more
+																										features.</li>
+																										<li>Molly-FOSS,
+																										which removes
+																										the proprietary
+																										Google code to
+																										provide an
+																										entirely
+																										open-source
+																										client.</li>
+																								</ul>
+																						</p>
+																				</td>
+																				<td>
+																						Open source<br>
+																						<br>
+																						(GPL-3.0-only)
+																				</td>
+																		</tr>
+																		<tr>
+																				<td>Messenger</td>
+																				<td>
+																						<img src="asset/img/logo-conversations.png" width="100px" height="100px"><br>
+																						<br>
+																						Conversations
+																				</td>
+																				<td class="td-desc">
+																						<p><a href="https://conversations.im/">Conversations</a>
+																						is a well-designed Android
+																						<a href="https://xmpp.org/">XMPP</a>
+																						client which serves as the de
+																						facto XMPP reference client and
+																						has great usability.</p>
+																				</td>
+																				<td>
+																						Open source<br>
+																						<br>
+																						(GPL-3.0-only)
+																				</td>
+																		</tr>
+																</table>
+														</div>
 						</section>
 						<section id="recommendations-music">
 								<h3 id="recommendations-music"><a href="#recommendations-music">Music</a></h3>

Type	Software	Description	Source model - - (License - SPDX)
Operating system	- - GrapheneOS	GrapheneOS - is a security-hardened, - privacy-hardened, secure-by-default, Android-based - operating system which implements extensive, systemic - security and privacy hardening to the Android Open - Source Project used as its base codebase. Its hardening - includes closing gaps for apps to access sensitive - system information, a secure app spawning feature which - avoids sharing address space layout and other secrets - AOSP's default Zygote app spawning model would share, - hardened kernel, - hardened memory allocator - (hardened_malloc) - to protect against common memory - corruption vulnerabilties, - hardened Bionic standard C library, - stricter SELinux policies, - and local and remote - hardware-backed attestation - (Auditor) - to ensure the OS has not been corrupted or - tampered with. - GrapheneOS only supports - high security and well-supported devices - which - receive full support from their manufacturers, including - firmware updates, long support lifecycles, secure - hardware, and overall high security practices. - For an extensive list of features GrapheneOS provides, - visit its - official features list - which provides extensive documentation.	Open source - - (MIT)
Web browser	- - Vanadium	Vanadium is a security-hardened, privacy-hardened - Chromium-based web browser which utilises GrapheneOS' - operating system hardening to implement stronger - defenses to the already very secure Chromium web - browser. Its hardening alongside Chromium's base - security features includes - disabling JavaScript just-in-time (JIT) compilation by default, - stubbing out the battery status API to prevent abuse of it, - and - always-on Incognito mode as an option. - Vanadium's source code, including its Chromium patchset, - can be found in its - official repository.	Open source - - (GPL-2.0-only)
Messenger	- - Molly	Molly - is a security-hardened, privacy-hardened - Signal - client which hardens Signal by using a - variety of - unique features, - allowing - locking the database when not in use, - and - utilising Android StrongBox - to protect user keys - using the device's hardware security module. - Molly is available in - 2 flavours: - - Molly, which includes the same - proprietary Google code as Signal to - support more features. +	Smartphone	+ - Molly-FOSS, which removes the - proprietary Google code to provide an - entirely open-source client. - -	Open source - - (GPL-3.0-only)
Messenger	- - Conversations	Conversations - is a well-designed Android - XMPP - client which serves as the de facto XMPP - reference client and has great usability.	Open source - - (GPL-3.0-only)
Type	Software	Description	Source model + + (License - SPDX)
Operating system	+ + + GrapheneOS +	+ GrapheneOS + is a security-hardened, + privacy-hardened, + secure-by-default, Android-based + operating system which + implements extensive, systemic + security and privacy hardening + to the Android Open Source + Project used as its base + codebase. Its hardening includes + closing gaps for apps to access + sensitive system information, a + secure app spawning feature + which avoids sharing address + space layout and other secrets + AOSP's default Zygote app + spawning model would share, + hardened kernel, + hardened memory allocator + (hardened_malloc) + to protect against common memory + corruption vulnerabilties, + hardened Bionic standard C library, + stricter SELinux policies, + and local and remote + hardware-backed attestation + (Auditor) + to ensure the OS has not been + corrupted or tampered with. + GrapheneOS only supports + high security and well-supported devices + which receive full support from + their manufacturers, including + firmware updates, long support + lifecycles, secure hardware, and + overall high security + practices. + For an extensive list of + features GrapheneOS provides, + visit its + official features list + which provides extensive + documentation. +	+ Open source + + (MIT) +
Web browser	+ + + Vanadium +	+ Vanadium is a + security-hardened, + privacy-hardened Chromium-based + web browser which utilises + GrapheneOS' operating system + hardening to implement stronger + defenses to the already very + secure Chromium web browser. Its + hardening alongside Chromium's + base security features includes + disabling JavaScript just-in-time (JIT) compilation by default, + stubbing out the battery status API to prevent abuse of it, + and + always-on Incognito mode as an option. + Vanadium's source code, + including its Chromium patchset, + can be found in its + official repository.	+ Open source + + (GPL-2.0-only) +
Messenger	+ + + Molly +	+ Molly + is a security-hardened, + privacy-hardened + Signal + client which hardens Signal by + using a variety of + unique features, + allowing + locking the database when not in use, + and + utilising Android StrongBox + to protect user keys + using the device's hardware + security module. + Molly is available in + 2 flavours: + + Molly, which + includes the + same proprietary + Google code as + Signal to + support more + features. + Molly-FOSS, + which removes + the proprietary + Google code to + provide an + entirely + open-source + client. + + +	+ Open source + + (GPL-3.0-only) +
Messenger	+ + + Conversations +	+ Conversations + is a well-designed Android + XMPP + client which serves as the de + facto XMPP reference client and + has great usability. +	+ Open source + + (GPL-3.0-only) +