Fix code to conform to code style

This commit is contained in:
inference 2023-11-16 20:09:00 +00:00
parent 7928aff117
commit 2d25219322
Signed by: inference
SSH Key Fingerprint: SHA256:FtEVfx1CmTKMy40VwZvF4k+3TC+QhCWy+EmPRg50Nnc
2 changed files with 152 additions and 162 deletions

View File

@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
<!DOCTYPE html>
<!-- Inferencium - Website - Documentation - GrapheneOS hardened_malloc -->
<!-- Version: 1.0.3-alpha.10 -->
<!-- Version: 1.0.3-alpha.11 -->
<!-- Copyright 2023 Jake Winters -->
<!-- SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause -->
@ -41,75 +41,65 @@
<p>This documentation is also available in portable AsciiDoc format in my
<a href="https://src.inferencium.net/Inferencium/doc/src/branch/stable/security/hardened_malloc.adoc">documentation source code repository</a>.
</section>
<nav id="toc">
<h2 id="toc"><a href="#toc">Table of Contents<a/></h2>
<ul>
<li><a href="#memory_pages">Increase Permitted Amount of Memory Pages</a></li>
<li><a href="#clone_source_code">Clone hardened_malloc Source Code</a></li>
<li><a href="#enter_local_repository">Enter hardened_malloc Local Git Repository</a></li>
<li><a href="#compile">Compile hardened_malloc</a></li>
<li><a href="#copy_library">Copy Compiled hardened_malloc Library</a></li>
<li><a href="#preload_on_boot">Set System to Preload hardened_malloc on Boot</a></li>
</ul>
</nav>
<section id="memory_pages">
<h2 id="memory_pages"><a href="#memory_pages">Increase Permitted Amount of Memory Pages</a></h2>
<p>Add <code>vm.max_map_count = 1048576</code> to
<code>/etc/sysctl.conf</code> to accommodate hardened_malloc's large
amount of guard pages.</p>
</section>
<section id="clone_source_code">
<h2 id="clone_source_code"><a href="#clone_source_code">Clone hardened_malloc Source Code</a></h2>
<p><code>$ git clone https://github.com/GrapheneOS/hardened_malloc.git</code></p>
</section>
<section id="enter_local_repository">
<h2 id="enter_local_repository"><a href="#enter_local_repository">Enter hardened_malloc Local Git Repository</a></h2>
<p><code>$ cd hardened_malloc/</code></p>
</section>
<section id="compile">
<h2 id="compile"><a href="#compile">Compile hardened_malloc</a></h2>
<p><p><code>$ make <var>&lt;arguments&gt;</var></code></p>
<p><code>CONFIG_N_ARENA=<var>n</var></code> can be adjusted to increase
parallel performance at the expense of memory usage, or decrease memory
usage at the expense of parallel performance, where <var>n</var> is an
integer. Higher values prefer parallel performance, lower values prefer
lower memory usage. The number of arenas has no impact on the security
properties of hardened_malloc.
<ul>
<li>Minimum number of arenas: 1</li>
<li>Maximum number of arenas: 256</li>
</ul>
<p>For extra security, <code>CONFIG_SEAL_METADATA=true</code> can be
used in order to control whether Memory Protection Keys are used to
disable access to all writable allocator state outside of the memory
allocator code. It's currently disabled by default due to a significant
performance cost for this use case on current generation hardware.
Whether or not this feature is enabled, the metadata is all contained
within an isolated memory region with high entropy random guard regions
around it.</p>
<p>For low-memory systems, <code>VARIANT=light</code> can be used to
compile the light variant of hardened_malloc, which sacrifices some
security for much less memory usage.</p>
<p>For all compile-time options, see the
<a href="https://github.com/GrapheneOS/hardened_malloc#configuration">configuration section</a>
of hardened_malloc's extensive official documentation.</p>
</section>
<section id="copy_library">
<h2 id="copy_library"><a href="#copy_library">Copy Compiled hardened_malloc Library</a></h2>
<p><code># cp out/libhardened_malloc.so <var>&lt;target path&gt;</var></code></p>
</section>
<section id="preload_on_boot">
<h2 id="preload_on_boot"><a href="#preload_on_boot">Set System to Preload hardened_malloc on Boot</a></h2>
<p>
<ul>
<li>musl-based systems: Add
<code>export LD_PRELOAD="<var>&lt;hardened_malloc path&gt;</var>"</code>
to <code>/etc/environment</code></li>
<li>glibc-based systems:
Add <code><var>&lt;hardened_malloc path&gt;</var></code> to
<code>/etc/ld.so.preload</code></li>
</ul>
</p>
</section>
<nav id="toc">
<h2 id="toc"><a href="#toc">Table of Contents<a/></h2>
<ul>
<li><a href="#memory_pages">Increase Permitted Amount of Memory Pages</a></li>
<li><a href="#clone_source_code">Clone hardened_malloc Source Code</a></li>
<li><a href="#enter_local_repository">Enter hardened_malloc Local Git Repository</a></li>
<li><a href="#compile">Compile hardened_malloc</a></li>
<li><a href="#copy_library">Copy Compiled hardened_malloc Library</a></li>
<li><a href="#preload_on_boot">Set System to Preload hardened_malloc on Boot</a></li>
</ul>
</nav>
<section id="memory_pages">
<h2 id="memory_pages"><a href="#memory_pages">Increase Permitted Amount of Memory Pages</a></h2>
<p>Add <code>vm.max_map_count = 1048576</code> to
<code>/etc/sysctl.conf</code> to accommodate hardened_malloc's large amount of guard
pages.</p>
</section>
<section id="clone_source_code">
<h2 id="clone_source_code"><a href="#clone_source_code">Clone hardened_malloc Source Code</a></h2>
<p><code>$ git clone https://github.com/GrapheneOS/hardened_malloc.git</code></p>
</section>
<section id="enter_local_repository">
<h2 id="enter_local_repository"><a href="#enter_local_repository">Enter hardened_malloc Local Git Repository</a></h2>
<p><code>$ cd hardened_malloc/</code></p>
</section>
<section id="compile">
<h2 id="compile"><a href="#compile">Compile hardened_malloc</a></h2>
<p><p><code>$ make <var>&lt;arguments&gt;</var></code></p>
<p><code>CONFIG_N_ARENA=<var>n</var></code> can be adjusted to increase parallel
performance at the expense of memory usage, or decrease memory usage at the expense of
parallel performance, where <var>n</var> is an integer. Higher values prefer parallel
performance, lower values prefer lower memory usage. The number of arenas has no impact
on the security properties of hardened_malloc.<br>
<b>Minimum number of arenas:</b> 1<br>
<b>Maximum number of arenas:</b> 256</p>
<p>For extra security, <code>CONFIG_SEAL_METADATA=true</code> can be used in order to
control whether Memory Protection Keys are used to disable access to all writable
allocator state outside of the memory allocator code. It's currently disabled by default
due to a significant performance cost for this use case on current generation hardware.
Whether or not this feature is enabled, the metadata is all contained within an isolated
memory region with high entropy random guard regions around it.</p>
<p>For low-memory systems, <code>VARIANT=light</code> can be used to compile the light
variant of hardened_malloc, which sacrifices some security for much less memory
usage.</p>
<p>For all compile-time options, see the
<a href="https://github.com/GrapheneOS/hardened_malloc#configuration">configuration section</a>
of hardened_malloc's extensive official documentation.</p>
</section>
<section id="copy_library">
<h2 id="copy_library"><a href="#copy_library">Copy Compiled hardened_malloc Library</a></h2>
<p><code># cp out/libhardened_malloc.so <var>&lt;target path&gt;</var></code></p>
</section>
<section id="preload_on_boot">
<h2 id="preload_on_boot"><a href="#preload_on_boot">Set System to Preload hardened_malloc on Boot</a></h2>
<p><b>musl-based systems:</b> Add
<code>export LD_PRELOAD="<var>&lt;hardened_malloc path&gt;</var>"</code> to
<code>/etc/environment</code><br>
<b>glibc-based systems:</b> Add <code><var>&lt;hardened_malloc path&gt;</var></code> to
<code>/etc/ld.so.preload</code></p>
</section>
</body>
</html>

View File

@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
<!DOCTYPE html>
<!-- Inferencium - Website - Documentation - OpenSSL Self-signed Certificate Chain -->
<!-- Version: 1.0.2-alpha.13 -->
<!-- Version: 1.0.2-alpha.14 -->
<!-- Copyright 2023 Jake Winters -->
<!-- SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause -->
@ -38,95 +38,95 @@
<p>This documentation is also available in portable AsciiDoc format in my
<a href="https://src.inferencium.net/Inferencium/doc/src/branch/stable/security/openssl_selfsigned_certificate_chain.adoc">documentation source code repository</a>.
</section>
<nav id="toc">
<h2 id="toc"><a href="#toc">Table of Contents<a/></h2>
<ul>
<li><a href="#create_certificate_authority_key">Create Certificate Authority Key</a></li>
<li><a href="#verify_certificate_authority_key">Verify Certificate Authority Key</a></li>
<li><a href="#create_certificate_authority_certificate">Create Certificate Authority Certificate</a></li>
<li><a href="#convert_certificate_to_pem_format">Convert Certificate to PEM Format</a></li>
<li><a href="#verify_certificate_authority_certificate">Verify Certificate Authority Certificate</a></li>
<li><a href="#create_intermediate_certificate_authority_key">Create Intermediate Certificate Authority Key</a></li>
<li><a href="#verify_intermediate_certificate_authority_key">Verify Intermediate Certificate Authority Key</a></li>
<li><a href="#create_intermediate_certificate_authority_signing_request">Create Intermediate Certificate Signing Request</a></li>
<li><a href="#create_intermediate_certificate_authority_certificate">Create Intermediate Certificate Authority Certificate</a></li>
<li><a href="#verify_intermediate_certificate_authority_certificate">Verify Intermediate Certificate Authority Certificate</a></li>
<li><a href="#verify_chain_of_trust-ca_to_intermediate">Verify Chain of Trust (CA to Intermediate)</a></li>
<li><a href="#create_server_key">Create Server Key</a></li>
<li><a href="#verify_server_key">Verify Server Key</a></li>
<li><a href="#create_server_certificate_signing_request">Create Server Cerificate Signing Request</a></li>
<li><a href="#create_server_certificate">Create Server Certificate</a></li>
<li><a href="#verify_server_certificate">Verify Server Certificate</a></li>
<li><a href="#verify_chain_of_trust-intermediate_to_server">Verify Chain of Trust (Intermediate to Server)</a></li>
</ul>
</nav>
<section id="create_certificate_authority_key">
<h2 id="create_certificate_authority_key"><a href="#create_certificate_authority_key">Create Certificate Authority Key</a></h2>
<p><code>openssl genrsa <var>&lt;encryption type&gt;</var> -out <var>&lt;CA key name&gt;</var>.pem <var>&lt;key size&gt;</var></code></p>
</section>
<section id="verify_certificate_authority_key">
<h2 id="verify_certificate_authority_key"><a href="#verify_certificate_authority_key">Verify Certificate Authority Key</a></h2>
<p><code>openssl rsa -noout -text -in <var>&lt;CA key name&gt;</var>.pem</code></p>
</section>
<section id="create_certificate_authority_certificate">
<h2 id="create_certificate_authority_certificate"><a href="#create_certificate_authority_certificate">Create Certificate Authority Certificate</a></h2>
<p><code>openssl req -new -x509 -days <var>&lt;days of validity&gt;</var> -extensions v3_ca -key <var>&lt;CA key name&gt;</var>.pem -out <var>&lt;CA certificate name&gt;</var>.pem</code></p>
</section>
<section id="convert_certificate_to_pem_format">
<h2 id="convert_certificate_to_pem_format"><a href="#convert_certificate_to_pem_format">Convert Certificate to PEM Format</a></h2>
<p><p><code>openssl x509 -in <var>&lt;CA certificate name&gt;</var>.pem -out <var>&lt;CA certificate name&gt;</var>.pem -outform PEM</code></p>
</section>
<section id="verify_certificate_authority_certificate">
<h2 id="verify_certificate_authority_certificate"><a href="#verify_certificate_authority_certificate">Verify Certificate Authority Certificate</a></h2>
<p><code>openssl x509 -noout -text -in <var>&lt;CA certificate name&gt;</var>.pem</code></p>
</section>
<section id="create_intermediate_certificate_authority_key">
<h2 id="create_intermediate_certificate_authority_key"><a href="#create_intermediate_certificate_authority_key">Create Intermediate Certificate Authority Key</a></h2>
<p><code>openssl genrsa <var>&lt;encryption type&gt;</var> -out <var>&lt;intermediate CA key name&gt;</var>.pem <var>&lt;key size&gt;</var></code>
</section>
<section id="verify_intermediate_certificate_authority_key">
<h2 id="verify_intermediate_certificate_authority_key"><a href="#verify_intermediate_certificate_authority_key">Verify Intermediate Certificate Authority Key</a></h2>
<p><code>openssl rsa -noout -text -in <var>&lt;intermediate CA key name&gt;</var>.pem</code></p>
</section>
<section id="create_intermediate_certificate_authority_signing_request">
<h2 id="create_intermediate_certificate_authority_signing_request"><a href="#create_intermediate_certificate_authority_signing_request">Create Intermediate Certificate Authority Signing Request</a></h2>
<p><code>openssl req -new -sha256 -key <var>&lt;intermediate CA key name&gt;</var>.pem -out <var>&lt;intermediate CA certificate signing request name&gt;</var>.pem</code></p>
</section>
<section id="create_intermediate_certificate_authority_certificate">
<h2 id="create_intermediate_certificate_authority_certificate"><a href="#create_intermediate_certificate_authority_certificate">Create Intermediate Certificate Authority Certificate</a></h2>
<p><code>openssl ca -config <var>&lt;intermediate CA configuration file&gt;</var> -extensions v3_intermediate_ca -days <var>&lt;days of validity&gt;</var> -notext -md sha256 -in <var>&lt;intermediate CA signing request name&gt;</var>.pem -out <var>&lt;intermediate CA certificate name&gt;</var>.pem</code></p>
</section>
<section id="verify_intermediate_certificate_authority_certificate">
<h2 id="verify_intermediate_certificate_authority_certificate"><a href="#verify_intermediate_certificate_authority_certificate">Verify Intermediate Certificate Authority Certificate</a></h2>
<p><code>openssl x509 -noout -text -in <var>&lt;intermediate CA certificate name&gt;</var>.pem</code></p>
</section>
<section id="verify_chain_of_trust-ca_to_intermediate">
<h2 id="verify_chain_of_trust-ca_to_intermediate"><a href="#verify_chain_of_trust-ca_to_intermediate">Verify Chain of Trust (CA to Intermediate)</a></h2>
<p><code>openssl verify -CAfile <var>&lt;CA certificate name&gt;</var>.pem <var>&lt;intermediate CA certificate name&gt;</var>.pem</code></p>
</section>
<section id="create_server_key">
<h2 id="create_server_key"><a href="#create_server_key">Create Server Key</a></h2>
<p><code>openssl genrsa <var>&lt;encryption type&gt;</var> -out <var>&lt;server key name&gt;</var>.pem <var>&lt;key size&gt;</var></code></p>
</section>
<section id="verify_server_key">
<h2 id="verify_server_key"><a href="#verify_server_key">Verify Server Key</a></h2>
<p><code>openssl rsa -noout -text -in <var>&lt;server key name&gt;</var>.pem</code></p>
</section>
<section id="create_server_certificate_signing_request">
<h2 id="create_server_certificate_signing_request"><a href="#create_server_certificate_signing_request">Create Server Certificate Signing Request</a></h2>
<p><code>openssl req -new -sha256 -subj "/C=<var>&lt;country&gt;</var>/ST=<var>&lt;state/province&gt;</var>/L=<var>&lt;locality&gt;</var>/O=<var>&lt;organization&gt;</var>/CN=&lt;common name&gt;</var>" -addext "subjectAltName = DNS.1:<var>&lt;alternative DNS entry&gt;</var>" -key <var>&lt;server key name&gt;</var>.pem -out <var>&lt;server certificate signing request name&gt;</var>.pem</code></p>
</section>
<section id="create_server_certificate">
<h2 id="create_server_certificate"><a href="#create_server_certificate">Create Server Certificate</a></h2>
<p><code>openssl x509 -sha256 -req -days <var>&lt;days of validity&gt;</var> -in <var>&lt;server certificate signing request name&gt;</var>.pem -CA <var>&lt;intermediate CA certificate name&gt;</var>.pem -CAkey <var>&lt;intermediate CA key name&gt;</var>.pem -extensions SAN -extfile &lt;(cat /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf &lt;(printf "\n[SAN]\nsubjectAltName=DNS.1:")) -out <var>&lt;server certificate name&gt;</var>.pem</code></p>
</section>
<section id="verify_server_certificate">
<h2 id="verify_server_certificate"><a href="#verify_server_certificate">Verify Server Certificate</a></h2>
<p><code>openssl x509 -noout -text -in <var>&lt;server certificate name&gt;</var>.pem</code></p>
</section>
<section id="verify_chain_of_trust-intermediate_to_server">
<h2 id="verify_chain_of_trust-intermediate_to_server"><a href="#verify_chain_of_trust-intermediate_to_server">Verify Chain of Trust (Intermediate to Server)</a></h2>
<p><code>openssl verify -CAfile <var>&lt;intermediate CA certificate name&gt;</var>.pem <var>&lt;server certificate&gt;</var>.pem</code></p>
</section>
<nav id="toc">
<h2 id="toc"><a href="#toc">Table of Contents<a/></h2>
<ul>
<li><a href="#create_certificate_authority_key">Create Certificate Authority Key</a></li>
<li><a href="#verify_certificate_authority_key">Verify Certificate Authority Key</a></li>
<li><a href="#create_certificate_authority_certificate">Create Certificate Authority Certificate</a></li>
<li><a href="#convert_certificate_to_pem_format">Convert Certificate to PEM Format</a></li>
<li><a href="#verify_certificate_authority_certificate">Verify Certificate Authority Certificate</a></li>
<li><a href="#create_intermediate_certificate_authority_key">Create Intermediate Certificate Authority Key</a></li>
<li><a href="#verify_intermediate_certificate_authority_key">Verify Intermediate Certificate Authority Key</a></li>
<li><a href="#create_intermediate_certificate_authority_signing_request">Create Intermediate Certificate Signing Request</a></li>
<li><a href="#create_intermediate_certificate_authority_certificate">Create Intermediate Certificate Authority Certificate</a></li>
<li><a href="#verify_intermediate_certificate_authority_certificate">Verify Intermediate Certificate Authority Certificate</a></li>
<li><a href="#verify_chain_of_trust-ca_to_intermediate">Verify Chain of Trust (CA to Intermediate)</a></li>
<li><a href="#create_server_key">Create Server Key</a></li>
<li><a href="#verify_server_key">Verify Server Key</a></li>
<li><a href="#create_server_certificate_signing_request">Create Server Cerificate Signing Request</a></li>
<li><a href="#create_server_certificate">Create Server Certificate</a></li>
<li><a href="#verify_server_certificate">Verify Server Certificate</a></li>
<li><a href="#verify_chain_of_trust-intermediate_to_server">Verify Chain of Trust (Intermediate to Server)</a></li>
</ul>
</nav>
<section id="create_certificate_authority_key">
<h2 id="create_certificate_authority_key"><a href="#create_certificate_authority_key">Create Certificate Authority Key</a></h2>
<p><code>openssl genrsa <var>&lt;encryption type&gt;</var> -out <var>&lt;CA key name&gt;</var>.pem <var>&lt;key size&gt;</var></code></p>
</section>
<section id="verify_certificate_authority_key">
<h2 id="verify_certificate_authority_key"><a href="#verify_certificate_authority_key">Verify Certificate Authority Key</a></h2>
<p><code>openssl rsa -noout -text -in <var>&lt;CA key name&gt;</var>.pem</code></p>
</section>
<section id="create_certificate_authority_certificate">
<h2 id="create_certificate_authority_certificate"><a href="#create_certificate_authority_certificate">Create Certificate Authority Certificate</a></h2>
<p><code>openssl req -new -x509 -days <var>&lt;days of validity&gt;</var> -extensions v3_ca -key <var>&lt;CA key name&gt;</var>.pem -out <var>&lt;CA certificate name&gt;</var>.pem</code></p>
</section>
<section id="convert_certificate_to_pem_format">
<h2 id="convert_certificate_to_pem_format"><a href="#convert_certificate_to_pem_format">Convert Certificate to PEM Format</a></h2>
<p><p><code>openssl x509 -in <var>&lt;CA certificate name&gt;</var>.pem -out <var>&lt;CA certificate name&gt;</var>.pem -outform PEM</code></p>
</section>
<section id="verify_certificate_authority_certificate">
<h2 id="verify_certificate_authority_certificate"><a href="#verify_certificate_authority_certificate">Verify Certificate Authority Certificate</a></h2>
<p><code>openssl x509 -noout -text -in <var>&lt;CA certificate name&gt;</var>.pem</code></p>
</section>
<section id="create_intermediate_certificate_authority_key">
<h2 id="create_intermediate_certificate_authority_key"><a href="#create_intermediate_certificate_authority_key">Create Intermediate Certificate Authority Key</a></h2>
<p><code>openssl genrsa <var>&lt;encryption type&gt;</var> -out <var>&lt;intermediate CA key name&gt;</var>.pem <var>&lt;key size&gt;</var></code>
</section>
<section id="verify_intermediate_certificate_authority_key">
<h2 id="verify_intermediate_certificate_authority_key"><a href="#verify_intermediate_certificate_authority_key">Verify Intermediate Certificate Authority Key</a></h2>
<p><code>openssl rsa -noout -text -in <var>&lt;intermediate CA key name&gt;</var>.pem</code></p>
</section>
<section id="create_intermediate_certificate_authority_signing_request">
<h2 id="create_intermediate_certificate_authority_signing_request"><a href="#create_intermediate_certificate_authority_signing_request">Create Intermediate Certificate Authority Signing Request</a></h2>
<p><code>openssl req -new -sha256 -key <var>&lt;intermediate CA key name&gt;</var>.pem -out <var>&lt;intermediate CA certificate signing request name&gt;</var>.pem</code></p>
</section>
<section id="create_intermediate_certificate_authority_certificate">
<h2 id="create_intermediate_certificate_authority_certificate"><a href="#create_intermediate_certificate_authority_certificate">Create Intermediate Certificate Authority Certificate</a></h2>
<p><code>openssl ca -config <var>&lt;intermediate CA configuration file&gt;</var> -extensions v3_intermediate_ca -days <var>&lt;days of validity&gt;</var> -notext -md sha256 -in <var>&lt;intermediate CA signing request name&gt;</var>.pem -out <var>&lt;intermediate CA certificate name&gt;</var>.pem</code></p>
</section>
<section id="verify_intermediate_certificate_authority_certificate">
<h2 id="verify_intermediate_certificate_authority_certificate"><a href="#verify_intermediate_certificate_authority_certificate">Verify Intermediate Certificate Authority Certificate</a></h2>
<p><code>openssl x509 -noout -text -in <var>&lt;intermediate CA certificate name&gt;</var>.pem</code></p>
</section>
<section id="verify_chain_of_trust-ca_to_intermediate">
<h2 id="verify_chain_of_trust-ca_to_intermediate"><a href="#verify_chain_of_trust-ca_to_intermediate">Verify Chain of Trust (CA to Intermediate)</a></h2>
<p><code>openssl verify -CAfile <var>&lt;CA certificate name&gt;</var>.pem <var>&lt;intermediate CA certificate name&gt;</var>.pem</code></p>
</section>
<section id="create_server_key">
<h2 id="create_server_key"><a href="#create_server_key">Create Server Key</a></h2>
<p><code>openssl genrsa <var>&lt;encryption type&gt;</var> -out <var>&lt;server key name&gt;</var>.pem <var>&lt;key size&gt;</var></code></p>
</section>
<section id="verify_server_key">
<h2 id="verify_server_key"><a href="#verify_server_key">Verify Server Key</a></h2>
<p><code>openssl rsa -noout -text -in <var>&lt;server key name&gt;</var>.pem</code></p>
</section>
<section id="create_server_certificate_signing_request">
<h2 id="create_server_certificate_signing_request"><a href="#create_server_certificate_signing_request">Create Server Certificate Signing Request</a></h2>
<p><code>openssl req -new -sha256 -subj "/C=<var>&lt;country&gt;</var>/ST=<var>&lt;state/province&gt;</var>/L=<var>&lt;locality&gt;</var>/O=<var>&lt;organization&gt;</var>/CN=&lt;common name&gt;</var>" -addext "subjectAltName = DNS.1:<var>&lt;alternative DNS entry&gt;</var>" -key <var>&lt;server key name&gt;</var>.pem -out <var>&lt;server certificate signing request name&gt;</var>.pem</code></p>
</section>
<section id="create_server_certificate">
<h2 id="create_server_certificate"><a href="#create_server_certificate">Create Server Certificate</a></h2>
<p><code>openssl x509 -sha256 -req -days <var>&lt;days of validity&gt;</var> -in <var>&lt;server certificate signing request name&gt;</var>.pem -CA <var>&lt;intermediate CA certificate name&gt;</var>.pem -CAkey <var>&lt;intermediate CA key name&gt;</var>.pem -extensions SAN -extfile &lt;(cat /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf &lt;(printf "\n[SAN]\nsubjectAltName=DNS.1:")) -out <var>&lt;server certificate name&gt;</var>.pem</code></p>
</section>
<section id="verify_server_certificate">
<h2 id="verify_server_certificate"><a href="#verify_server_certificate">Verify Server Certificate</a></h2>
<p><code>openssl x509 -noout -text -in <var>&lt;server certificate name&gt;</var>.pem</code></p>
</section>
<section id="verify_chain_of_trust-intermediate_to_server">
<h2 id="verify_chain_of_trust-intermediate_to_server"><a href="#verify_chain_of_trust-intermediate_to_server">Verify Chain of Trust (Intermediate to Server)</a></h2>
<p><code>openssl verify -CAfile <var>&lt;intermediate CA certificate name&gt;</var>.pem <var>&lt;server certificate&gt;</var>.pem</code></p>
</section>
</body>
</html>